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Memory and Forgetting.
I summarize recent developments in understanding the phenomenology of memory in PTSD, describe the most prominent theoretical models, and outline new forms of treatment aimed at modifying the traumatic memory. Intrusive memories that have the quality of being relived in the present have been highlighted in ICD-11. Debate over whether trauma memories are disorganized has led to a distinction betwee…
💬 論文と壁打ち β 残り 3 / 3 回 (今日)Abstract の内容だけを根拠に答えます。医療助言はしません。abstract に無い事実は「記載なし」と返します。質問例: 「要点を3つ教えて」「結論の限界は?」「N数と統計手法は?」「反論できる可能性は?」
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Nightmares and the Cannabinoids.
The cannabinoids, Δ9 tetrahydrocannabinol and its analogue, nabilone, have been found to reliably attenuate the intensity and frequency of post-traumatic nightmares. This essay examines how a traumatic event is captured in the mind, after just a single exposure, and repeatedly replicated during the nights that follow. The adaptive neurophysiological, endocrine and inflammatory changes that are tri…
💬 論文と壁打ち β 残り 3 / 3 回 (今日)Abstract の内容だけを根拠に答えます。医療助言はしません。abstract に無い事実は「記載なし」と返します。質問例: 「要点を3つ教えて」「結論の限界は?」「N数と統計手法は?」「反論できる可能性は?」
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Optimizing exposure therapy with an inhibitory retrieval approach and the OptEx Nexus.
Research from recent decades has highlighted the distinction between excitatory and inhibitory Pavlovian learning mechanisms. Based on this distinction, state-of-the-art exposure therapy for anxiety disorders emphasizes inhibitory learning and retrieval as its primary mechanism for long-term reduction in fear, anxiety, and avoidance. Seven years ago, we (Craske, et al., 2014) summarized exposure t…
💬 論文と壁打ち β 残り 3 / 3 回 (今日)Abstract の内容だけを根拠に答えます。医療助言はしません。abstract に無い事実は「記載なし」と返します。質問例: 「要点を3つ教えて」「結論の限界は?」「N数と統計手法は?」「反論できる可能性は?」
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The Extinction and Return of Fear of Public Speaking.
Prior studies indicate extinguished fear often partially returns when participants are later tested outside the extinction context. Cues carried from the extinction context to the test context sometimes reduce return of fear, but it is unclear whether such extinction cues (ECs) reduce return of fear of public speaking. Here we assessed return of fear of public speaking, and whether either of two t…
💬 論文と壁打ち β 残り 3 / 3 回 (今日)Abstract の内容だけを根拠に答えます。医療助言はしません。abstract に無い事実は「記載なし」と返します。質問例: 「要点を3つ教えて」「結論の限界は?」「N数と統計手法は?」「反論できる可能性は?」
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Pain and avoidance: The potential benefits of imagining your best possible self.
Positive affect is hypothesized to improve safety learning taking place during extinction (i.e., the core mechanism of exposure treatment), therefore improving the maintenance of treatment outcomes. We investigated whether positive affect during extinction attenuates the subsequent return of pain-related avoidance and fear. In an operant pain-related avoidance conditioning paradigm, sixty healthy …
💬 論文と壁打ち β 残り 3 / 3 回 (今日)Abstract の内容だけを根拠に答えます。医療助言はしません。abstract に無い事実は「記載なし」と返します。質問例: 「要点を3つ教えて」「結論の限界は?」「N数と統計手法は?」「反論できる可能性は?」
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Sleep-specific mechanisms underlying posttraumatic stress disorder: integrative review and neurobiological hypotheses.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent disorder that is associated with poor clinical and health outcomes, and considerable health care utilization and costs. Recent estimates suggest that 5-20% of military personnel who serve in current conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan meet diagnostic criteria for PTSD. Clinically, sleep disturbances are core features of PTSD that are often resistan…
💬 論文と壁打ち β 残り 3 / 3 回 (今日)Abstract の内容だけを根拠に答えます。医療助言はしません。abstract に無い事実は「記載なし」と返します。質問例: 「要点を3つ教えて」「結論の限界は?」「N数と統計手法は?」「反論できる可能性は?」
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REM sleep: Out-dreaming fear.
The ability to forget fear-inducing situations is essential for adapting to our environment, but the neural mechanisms underlying 'fear forgetting' remain unclear. Novel findings reveal that the activity of the infralimbic cortex - specifically during REM sleep - contributes to the extinction of fear memory.
💬 論文と壁打ち β 残り 3 / 3 回 (今日)Abstract の内容だけを根拠に答えます。医療助言はしません。abstract に無い事実は「記載なし」と返します。質問例: 「要点を3つ教えて」「結論の限界は?」「N数と統計手法は?」「反論できる可能性は?」
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Secure attachment primes reduce fear consolidation.
Recent studies have found that attachment security primes can inhibit fear acquisition. This current study aimed to examine whether a brief imaginal prime of one's attachment figure could impact on fear consolidation. A total of 75 participants underwent fear conditioning on Day 1 and fear recall was tested on Day 2. Immediately following conditioning, half the participants were instructed to imag…
💬 論文と壁打ち β 残り 3 / 3 回 (今日)Abstract の内容だけを根拠に答えます。医療助言はしません。abstract に無い事実は「記載なし」と返します。質問例: 「要点を3つ教えて」「結論の限界は?」「N数と統計手法は?」「反論できる可能性は?」
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Secure attachment priming inhibits the generalization of conditioned fear.
Fear overgeneralization constitutes a susceptibility factor contributing to the development and maintenance of anxiety spectrum disorders. Extant research has demonstrated that exposure to positive and supportive social relationships attenuates fear acquisition and promotes the extinction of conditioned fear responses. However, the literature lacks investigation into the effect of secure attachmen…
💬 論文と壁打ち β 残り 3 / 3 回 (今日)Abstract の内容だけを根拠に答えます。医療助言はしません。abstract に無い事実は「記載なし」と返します。質問例: 「要点を3つ教えて」「結論の限界は?」「N数と統計手法は?」「反論できる可能性は?」
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Attenuating Neural Threat Expression with Imagination.
Imagination is an internal simulation of real-life events and a common treatment tool for anxiety disorders; however, the neural processes by which imagination exerts behavioral control are unclear. This investigation tests whether and how imagined exposures to a threatening stimulus, conditioned in the real world, influence neural and physiological manifestations of threat. We found that imagined…
💬 論文と壁打ち β 残り 3 / 3 回 (今日)Abstract の内容だけを根拠に答えます。医療助言はしません。abstract に無い事実は「記載なし」と返します。質問例: 「要点を3つ教えて」「結論の限界は?」「N数と統計手法は?」「反論できる可能性は?」